January 2009 | Fundamentals of Thermal & Acoustic Insulation Calculation of Building

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Fundamentals of Thermal & Acoustic Insulation Calculation of Building

Thermal Insulation / Temperature
The air moves from hot areas to cold areas. Heat more quickly propagate in a thin material compared with that thick. And more quickly propagate through the material that has high conductivity such as metal, and more slowly propagate through the material that has low conductivity, such as EPS.

k-value / Thermal Conductivity (W / mK)
k-value is a value on the ability to deliver material in the heat. Here are the values of k-value (W / mK) in a material:

	k (w/mK)
concrete	1.250
Brick	1.150
Glass	1.050

The lower the value, the greater the ability of materials to insulate.
R-value (m2K / W)
R-value is the value of a material (which has a certain thickness) in delivering heat.

R = d / k

Where d = thickness (m)

U-value (W/m2K)
U-value is the value of multiple / combination of ingredients in delivering heat. U-value is the inverse of the R-value.

U = 1 / R

Sound Insulation
The sound is very loud very annoying even to damage hearing. A very loud voice will also increase the level of one’s emotions, this is not good in business. Due to the extremely loud sound will disrupt productivity and moral person / company. To anticipate this, we need a media to muffle the sound source so as not to get into the work space.

Sound propagating through the air. Sound vibrations generated in each second, or frequency, usually measured in Hertz (Hz). High or low strength of ordinary sound is measured in decibels (dB).

When sound waves come and on a surface of materials or obstructions such as door / wall, it will vibrate the surface. So that sound does not penetrate into the other side of the wall, needed materials to absorb sound. The thicker the surface it will increase the performance of the material to muffle / menginsulasi sound.

Sound Transmission Loss (TL)
The ability of a material to reduce sound called the Sound Transmission Loss (TL). Its value is usually called the decibel (dB). The higher value of TL, the better the material is in reducing noise.

Sound Transmission Class (STC)
The ability of the average TL of a material in reducing the sound of various frequencies. The higher the STC value, the better the material is in reducing noise.

STC	NILAI	DESKRIPSI
50 – 60	Perfectly	Loud voice sounded weak / not at all
40 – 50	Very good	Loud voice sounded weak
35 – 40	Good	Loud noise is heard, but should more be heard
30 – 35	Enough	The voice sounded loud enough
25 – 30	Ugly	Normal voice easily / clearly heard
20 – 25	Very ugly	Low voice can be heard

Why Styrofoam / EPS?
All the people who need thermal and acoustic insulation in walls, floors and roof of the building will say that the Styrofoam / EPS is an ideal material. Because Styrofoam / EPS is the material affordable and good temperature insulation and easily applied to the building.

What is a b-panel^®?
b-panel^® is a lightweight concrete panel consisting of a layer of Styrofoam / EPS (Expanded Polystyrene) is flanked by wiremesh layer on both sides.

Why b-panel^® use Styrofoam / EPS?
The following describes the multiple advantages:
1. Excellent thermal insulation.
2. Good in menginsulasi voice / acoustic.
3. Long endurance, because it does not rot (non-biodegradable).
4. Can be made in various shapes and sizes.
5. Affordable price.
6. Easy in the delivery of its lightness.
7. Easy to apply.
8. With this type of fire retardant, so it does not merambatkan fire.
9. Does not contain greenhouse gases, like chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) or HydroChloroFluoroCarbon (HCFCs).
10. Can be recycled. Time of Styrofoam can be melted with pure styrofoam and can be recycled back into new product again.

From the results of research in Puslitbangkim, b-panel^® has a value of U-value = 0:30 to 0:40 W/m2K. While the results of acoustic tests conducted research at the Laboratory of Building Physics ITB, STC value – average of the b-panel ® was 42. The value of this STC create superior b-panel^® when enabled to reduce / absorb sound.

Of the things mentioned above, the b-panel^® top can be an alternative in the selection of materials for insulation, both thermal and sound.

The following projects have been undertaken, in which the b-panel^® functioned as insulation:

Sumber: Properti.biz Desember 2008 [ PDF ]